{"id":2739,"date":"2022-01-24T10:40:56","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T03:40:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestray.com\/blog\/?p=2739"},"modified":"2024-02-27T16:31:42","modified_gmt":"2024-02-27T09:31:42","slug":"tieu-chuan-xay-dung-tcxd-25-1991","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestray.com\/blog\/tieu-chuan-xay-dung-tcxd-25-1991\/","title":{"rendered":"TCXD 25:1991 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"

TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. B\u1edfi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u sao cho th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quy ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, Bestray s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung v\u1ec1 TCXD 25:1991<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1.1.<\/strong> D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.2.<\/strong> M\u1eb7t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m: d\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ec1m, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1eeda c\u1ee9ng, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1 – M\u1eb7t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y<\/b><\/td>\nM\u1eb7t c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n (<\/b>mm<\/span>2<\/b>)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00f4m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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  1. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ec1m, hai ru\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n
0,75<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf trong nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) Tr\u00ean puly, k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 treo d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e2y c\u0103ng.<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n2,5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) \u1ede trong m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p, h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 d\u00e0n (tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u00edn).<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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  • C\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bulong.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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  • C\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 * Ru\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/td>\n0,5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 * Ru\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/td>\n0,35<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c) Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee1.<\/span><\/td>\n1,5<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\u00a0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0:<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) V\u1ecb tr\u00ed theo t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c\u00a0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t v\u00e0\u00a0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/td>\n2,5<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) Tr\u00ean puly, d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i h\u1eaft.<\/span><\/td>\n1,5<\/span><\/td>\n2,5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trong h\u1ed9p k\u00edn.<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5. C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trong h\u1ed9p k\u00edn):<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) C\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1eb9p b\u1eaft bul\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n2,5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) C\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0n:\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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    \n
  • Ru\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
0,5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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    \n
  • Ru\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
0,35<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00fac li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (ho\u1eb7c trong hay d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t).<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.3.<\/strong> Trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u01a1, \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.4.<\/strong> V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.5.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t chung trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p m\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00edn, trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 khi:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 b\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. M\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u00e8n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng (chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 8.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1.6.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u00ec n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t chung trong m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p hay m\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.7.<\/strong> Theo TCXD 25:1991, khi \u0111\u1eb7t hai hay nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng th\u00ec l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong \u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 11mm. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y pha \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n danh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 25A.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.8.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i, tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i trong \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.9.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb9t, h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 10% \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.10.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1ng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u0169a tr\u00f2n mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1ng hay l\u1eafp th\u00eam ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo TCXD 25:1991 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.11.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, lu\u1ed3n c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.12.<\/strong> T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.13<\/strong>. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p r\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u1ed9p ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o h\u1ed9p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ed9p ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.14.<\/strong> Theo TCXD 25:1991, khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean qua m\u00f3ng, t\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u 3.1 trong TCXD 25:1991 khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.15.<\/strong> Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua khe l\u00fan ho\u1eb7c khe co gi\u00e3n, b\u00ean thi c\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.16.<\/strong> Khi d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p treo c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 cho d\u00e2y treo ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 1\/4 \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y th\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3 theo TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.17.<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u1ed9p, m\u00e1ng, d\u00e0n, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, \u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n,\u2026 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u1ec1 ra b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1.18.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2. Ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    2.1.<\/strong> Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y. Ri\u00eang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u TCXD 25:1991 \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 2.<\/span><\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3ng 2 – Ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft<\/b><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y<\/b><\/td>\nL\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tr\u00ean puly, k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Trong \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/span><\/td>\nTrong \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n

    B. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    C\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 tr\u00e1t v\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 k\u00edn c\u00e1c ph\u00eda b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Trong \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y, c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y l\u00f3t \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p, c\u00f3 tr\u00e1t v\u1eefa.<\/span><\/td>\nTrong \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00fac li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i, trong r\u00e3nh,… Trong l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao k\u00edn.<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

    1) L\u1edbp l\u00f3t l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

    2) \u1ed0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1t v\u1eefa k\u00edn, b\u1ecdc phibro-xi-m\u0103ng,\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

    3) L\u1edbp bao k\u00edn xung quanh \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p,… l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y v\u1eefa phibro-xi-m\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

    2.2.<\/strong> Theo TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn theo nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3ng 3. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00eau trong b\u1ea3ng 3 th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.3.<\/strong> Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p danh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.4.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y pha.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.5.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 cao su, ch\u00ec, nh\u00f4m, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m, r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m, c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 400 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.6.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 400 \u0111\u1ed9 C tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u00ec khi thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.7.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m, r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u treo, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng, m\u00e1ng, d\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p,… c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.8.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3ng 3 – Ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y, c\u00e1p theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4, \u1ea9m.<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u00ean puly s\u1ee9, k\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • D\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ru\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • D\u00e2y d\u1eabn hai ru\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4.<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u01b0 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u00ean s\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 puly s\u1ee9. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 th\u00ec n\u00ean d\u00f9ng puly s\u1ee9 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ru\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp theo m\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u01b0 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • D\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\nTr\u00ean gi\u00e0n, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady.<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u01b0 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\nTreo d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e2y c\u0103ng.<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn treo d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e2y c\u0103ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n

    B. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo,…<\/span><\/li>\n
    • TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong r\u00e3nh k\u00edn c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t. Trong l\u1edbp \u1ed1p t\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng puly s\u1ee9, k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c trong \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • TCXD 25:1991 Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p th\u00e9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y 2mm v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m, r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
      \n
    • Lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn treo d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e2y c\u0103ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4, \u1ea9m v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m.<\/span><\/td>\nTrong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/td>\nD\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\nTrong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p k\u00edn. Trong \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/p>\n
      \n
    • Trong \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecf l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • TCXD 25:1991 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m, r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • TCXD 25:1991 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 th\u00e9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 2mm v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m, r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		D\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kim lo\u1ea1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    2.10.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.11.<\/strong> Ri\u00eang \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p, m\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.12.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5, \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    3.1.<\/strong> D\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 puly, s\u1ee9 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1, k\u1eb9p, treo, tr\u00ean d\u00e0n trong m\u00e1ng,… c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng \u00edt nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean 42V v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn 42V th\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/li>\n
    2. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean 42V trong khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m, r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2,5m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u1edf n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n, c\u1eafm \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ea3ng, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p xuy\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, ch\u00e9o theo t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00e1nh va ch\u1ea1m. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1,5m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n m\u00e0 TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.2.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn trong \u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc kim lo\u1ea1i hay d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.3.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf cho d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y, ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb v\u1ecf d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm. Theo TCXD 25:1991 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, b\u00ean thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y (v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng, phi br\u00f4 xi m\u0103ng,…) d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.4.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed bu\u1ed9c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a ho\u0103c b\u0103ng d\u00ednh qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0o d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh cho d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. Theo TCXD 25:1991 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0o puly ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam d\u00e2y th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng b\u1edfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.5.<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 ch\u00ec, nh\u00f4m, cao su, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo,\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TCXD 25:1991 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.6.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u1ed1ng (h\u1ed9p) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 10mm. Theo TCXD 25:1991, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00eau tr\u00ean, b\u00ean thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y (v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng, phi br\u00f4 xi m\u0103ng…) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.7.<\/strong> \u1ede c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n t\u1edbi m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 2m m\u00e0 TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.8.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n t\u1edbi m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 2m. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.9.<\/strong> Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 \u1edf trong b\u1ea3ng 4.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/b><\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (m) khi m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n 9 <\/b>mm<\/b>2<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u1ebfn 2,5<\/b><\/td>\n4<\/b><\/td>\n6<\/b><\/td>\n10<\/b><\/td>\n16 \u0111\u1ebfn 25<\/b><\/td>\n35 \u0111\u1ebfn 70<\/b><\/td>\n95 tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
        \n
      1. Tr\u00ean puly, k\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n
      		0,80<\/span><\/td>\n0,80<\/span><\/td>\n0,80<\/span><\/td>\n0,80<\/span><\/td>\n1,0<\/span><\/td>\n1,2<\/span><\/td>\n1,2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      2. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2,5<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      3. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      4. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u00ec k\u00e8o, c\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
        \n
      • V\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
      		6<\/span><\/td>\n12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
        \n
      • V\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ru\u1ed9t nh\u00f4m.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
      		–<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      3.10.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tim d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 \u1edf trong b\u1ea3ng 5.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/b><\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t (m) khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n 9<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u1ebfn 10<\/b><\/td>\n16 \u0111\u1ebfn 25<\/b><\/td>\n35 \u0111\u1ebfn 50<\/b><\/td>\n70 \u0111\u1ebfn 95<\/b><\/td>\n120<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tr\u00ean puly, k\u1eb9p<\/span><\/td>\n0,35<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,70<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tr\u00ean v\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\n0,70<\/span><\/td>\n0,70<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n1,50<\/span><\/td>\n1,50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      3.11.<\/strong> Khi c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf theo t\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00ec b\u00ean thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1eb9p theo c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991 \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 6.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/td>\nV\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eef c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eb1m ngang.<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 1m so v\u1edbi c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 1m so v\u1edbi c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. C\u00f2n c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1eb9p th\u00ec t\u1eeb 0,8m \u0111\u1ebfn 1m.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eb1m ngang, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n cong.<\/span><\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n u\u1ed1n cong, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1eb9p \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n cong.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      G\u1ea7n h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1p d\u1eabn v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed7 b\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/td>\n\u1ede hai b\u00ean h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed7 b\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/span>\u2264<\/span> 100mm.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111i qua khe l\u00fan, m\u1ea1ch co d\u00e3n.<\/span><\/td>\nHai b\u00ean khe l\u00fan, m\u1ea1ch co d\u00e3n.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      3.12.<\/strong> Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991, \u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee1 \u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 0.8m \u0111\u1ebfn 1m, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 0,5m \u0111\u1ebfn 0,7m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eef c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.13.<\/strong> Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991<\/strong> th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3n c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 <\/span>90<\/span>0<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Khi \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong <\/span>\u2265 <\/span>10 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf th\u00ec m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong \u0111o\u1ea1n <\/span>\u2265 <\/span>4 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng <\/span>\u2265<\/span> 6 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
      4. Khi c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cao su, c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng <\/span>\u2265<\/span> 10 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, TCXD 25:1991 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng <\/span>\u2265 <\/span>15 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        3.14.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m treo d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e2y th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng < 1m v\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n 1mm2, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 1,5m v\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 1,5mm2 tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

        3.15.<\/strong> Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch giao ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 < 10mm th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed giao ch\u00e9o nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

        3.16.<\/strong> Khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 giao ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo TCXD 25:1991 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 50mm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 100mm. Khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 l\u00fd. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 250mm v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Khi giao ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p sao cho \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

        3.17.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t song song v\u1edbi nhau kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 100m. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 400mm. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n song song v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn trong nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        4.1.<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn trong \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u 3.12, 3.13, 3.19, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.25 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 v\u00e0 trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i k\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.2.<\/strong> Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1ecf l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khi \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh k\u00edn, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp g\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1eddng,… c\u1ea7n ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.3.<\/strong> Theo TCXD 25:1991, khi \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 ch\u00e1y \u1edf c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng k\u00edn, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y b\u1edfi l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.4.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u1ec1 ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y (l\u0103ng, phibr\u00f4xim\u0103ng,…) d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3mm ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5mm v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5mm.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.5.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u1ed7 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n giao ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c trong phi-br\u00f4-xi m\u0103ng, \u1ed1ng s\u00e0nh, s\u1ee9,…<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.6.<\/strong> D\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y khi \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u1ed1p t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, ch\u00e1y n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u 4.4 trong TCXD 25:1991\u00a0 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10mm.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.7.<\/strong> Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i, ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ren r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.8.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u1ea7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.9.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m trong t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c (n\u1eb1m ngang) khi b\u1ec1 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh ch\u00f4n l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 1\/3 b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

        4.10.<\/strong> TCXD 25:1991 \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u1ea7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 v\u1ecf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i do l\u1edbp v\u1eefa d\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

        5. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u1ea7ng gi\u00e1p m\u00e1i<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        5.1.<\/strong> Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh TCXD 25:1991, \u1edf t\u1ea7ng gi\u00e1p m\u00e1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

        H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1edf:<\/b><\/p>\n